I believe that element is called
flying buttresses.
Flying buttresses support the walls of a building and given that they are quite slanted, they seem as if they are forming an arch with that particular wall they are leaned against. I've attached an image of them for you to see what I mean.
In photography, orientation refers to the way you take and display your photographs.
Answer:
Seymour Chwast.
Explanation:
Seymour Chwast's vision is very personal, yet communicates on a universal level. In his work, an absolute flatness is usually maintained.