<span>The main cause of the Islamic world's hardships during the thirteenth century was:
</span>B. Mongol tribes invading Muslim lands
It depends on how one looks at Columbus, in some terms he was a hero for finding Spain more land & cultivating it in a way. He was also a Villian for the way he treated American natives.
The Whiskey Rebellion. You may remember that the Whiskey Rebellion occurred during Washington’s presidency when he led the US army right into Pennsylvania.
Hope I could help!