I believe the answer is: "Resistance to civil government (Civil Disobedience)"
The main idea of the civil disobedience is to advocate the people to not ever let the government overrule their conscience .
He pointed Mexican–American War as one of the example because he perceived the war as an act of injustice for the people of Mexico.
It would most likely be A. mend because solder means to join together
You did not provide the remaining sentences, but the first sentence provided The coast of Florida is home to many unique sea creatures like the manatee does not need revision for redundancies because it is correct.