Open range,in U.S. history, the areas of public domain north of Texas where from about 1866 to 1890 more than 5,000,000 cattle <span>were </span><span>driven to fatten and be shipped off to slaughter. The open ranges of western </span>Kansas<span>, </span>Nebraska<span>, the Dakotas, </span>Montana<span>, </span>Wyoming<span>, and other western states and territories served as huge pasturelands for the herds of the Texas ranchmen.</span>
Answer:
Jim Crow
Explanation:
"Jim Crow" laws circumvented the 14th Amendment while things like literacy tests, poll taxes, and the "white primary" prevented blacks from voting. It was not until the Civil Rights Movement that these amendments became effective in any real way.