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4 years ago

What is biological magnification and bio concentration?

1 answer:

6 0

Biological magnification is when the concentration of something (like a chemical or something hazardous) is more concentrated within the levels of the food chain. For example, you have a fly that was consumed by a frog. The fly had a toxin within their body and now the frog has it. It continues to become more concentrated in the frog. The frog is consumed by a bird. The birth now has a more concentrated level of toxin. The bird is then consumed by a human. There is now more concentration within the human.

Bio concentration is related to the water. It's when the concentration within the water is filled with a toxin and the life within the water has a higher concentration within their body.

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assume that life on Mars requires cell potential to be 100mV, and the extracellular concentrations of the three major species ar

svetlana [45]

Answer:

Explanation:

From the information given:

The cell potential on mars E = + 100 mV

By using Goldman's equation:

$E_m = \dfrac{RT}{zF}In \Big (\dfrac{P_K[K^+]_{out}+P_{Na}[Na^+]_{out}+P_{Cl}[Cl^-]_{out} }{P_K[K^+]_{in}+P_{Na}[Na^+]_{in}+ P_{Cl}[Cl^-]_{in}} \Big )$

Let's take a look at the impermeable cell with respect to two species;

and the two species be Na⁺ and Cl⁻

$E_m = \dfrac{RT}{zF} In \dfrac{[K^+]_{out}}{[K^+]_{in}}$

where;

z = ionic charge on the species = + 1

F = faraday constant

∴

$100 \times 10^{-3} = \Big (\dfrac{8.314 \times 298}{1\times 96485} \Big) \mathtt{In} \Big ( \dfrac{4}{[K^+]_{in}} \Big)$

$100 \times 10^{-3} = 0.0257 \Big ( \dfrac{4}{[K^+]_{in}} \Big)$

$3.981= \mathtt{In} \Big ( \dfrac{4}{[K^+]_{in}} \Big)$

$exp ( 3.981) = \dfrac{4}{[K^+]_{in}} \\ \\ 53.57 = \dfrac{4}{[K^+]_{in}}$

$[K^+]_{in} = \dfrac{4}{53.57}$

$[K^+]_{in} = 0.0476$

For [Cl⁻]:

$100 \times 10^{-3} = -0.0257 \ \mathtt{In} \Big ( \dfrac{120}{[Cl^-]_{in}} \Big)$

$-3.981 = \ \mathtt{In} \Big ( \dfrac{120}{[Cl^-]_{in}} \Big)$

$0.01867 = \dfrac{120}{[Cl^-]_{in}}$

$[Cl^-]_{in} = \dfrac{120}{0.01867}$

$[Cl^-]_{in} =6427.4$

For [Na⁺]:

$100 \times 10^{-3} = 0.0257 \Big ( \dfrac{145}{[Na^+]_{in}} \Big)$

$53.57= \Big ( \dfrac{145}{[Na^+]_{in}} \Big)$

$[Na^+]_{in}= 2.70$

6 0

3 years ago

Name one thing that is different about a cell that is in G1 and a cell in G2

Nonamiya [84]

In the G2 phase the cell is prepping and has reached various checkpoints so that it can divide

4 0

3 years ago

Why some plants like a citrus plants bear thorn ?

Amanda [17]

I don’t understand the question but if I can make a correct inference, they have thorns to protect themselves from predators.

8 0

2 years ago

Homem cis é aquela que tem voz grossa e anda como homem? Eu tenho 14 anos Posso tomar essas coisas de hormonização? se sim quant

Elan Coil [88]

<span>Seria melhor não, você ainda tem puberdade para passar</span>

4 0

3 years ago

What are the characteristics of the vertebrate's nervous systems?

Delicious77 [7]

Answer:

Vertebrates contain nervous system which is highly specialized organ.

Explanation:

The nervous system is the complex system in the vertebrate body which is composed of central nervous system that contain brain,spinal cord and peripheral nervous system which contain cranial nerve, spinal nerve,involuntary nerve etc.

The nervous system contain neurons that mainly transmit signal to the different parts of the body.

The peripheral nervous sytem contain somatic and visceral part.

The grey matter and white matter are the 2 areas in vertebrate nervous system.

6 0

3 years ago