Firstly; the missing figure is attached in the diagram below.
Ligand A and ligand B can cause identical cellular responses in a cell due to the fact that there are cross-linkages in the various enzymatic activities taking place in the receptor proteins located in the plasma membrane.
This implies that a particular compound in the cell signaling in eukayortes can be triggered by some mechanism. For example as we can see right in the diagram; The ligands can trigger the G-protein in the plasma membrane which result into increase in cAMP.
In addition to that; IP3/DAG pathway can signal and trigger the calcium influx moving into the cytoplasm from the endoplasmic reticulum
What is transported is the water in the currents. Like the water in the currents is moving in a direction, another thing that is transported is trash and other such stuff that gets caught in the current.