By contrast, the connotative meaning of 'mother' is flexible; it is all the different associations people have with the word – such as 'care', 'warmth', 'confidence', and 'age' – in a specific situation and social context.
MOTHER: Attitude – positive; Feeling – love and warmth; Emotion – security and warmth.
It takes the place of a noun
2000 might be when the disease peaked. It mentions in the passage that the government started to ban farmers from feeding their livestock high risk meat, and that the disease peaked shortly after that. Since 2000 is 'shortly after' 1997, the source from 2000 might be from the peak.
They all are used for clothing
D I think. Hope this helps. :)