Before the Enlightenment governments of Europe were primarily Divine Right Monarchies, which means that the King was "selected by God and was God's spokesperson on Earth." In other words, to disobey or disagree with the king was to disagree with God. Not surprisingly, there was no division between Church and State (each country had an official "state" religion), no checks and balances, no separation of powers, no freedom of speech, and commoners had no rights. On the other hand, the nobility had many rights.
The Enlightenment thinkers argued against these traditions, and called for individual freedoms, governments of the people, and religious freedom. They were "enlightened" because they believed that humans could answer questions for themselves, and sought ways to put this philosophy into practice.
So, in comparison, governments after the Enlightenment (which led to the Age of Revolutions) tended to end noble privileges, create constitutional monarchies (limiting the king's powers) with separation of powers, and checks and balances, and called for freedom of speech and freedom of religion.
The points are the following:
Germany and Serbia had a dispute over the railroad
constructed by Germany.
The expansion of the German Navy.
The cruel treatment of Kaiser Wilhelm.
Because of these events, the relationship of Germany and the
other European countries had caused tension thus became the reason why the war
had broke up
Answer:
The Haitian Revolution was a successful insurrection by self-liberated slaves against French colonial rule in Saint-Domingue, now the sovereign state of Haiti. The revolt began on 22 August 1791,[3] and ended in 1804 with the former colony's independence. It involved blacks, mulattoes, French, Spanish, and British participants—with the ex-slave Toussaint Louverture emerging as Haiti's most charismatic hero. The revolution was the only slave uprising that led to the founding of a state which was both free from slavery, and ruled by non-whites and former captives.[4] It is now widely seen as a defining moment in the history of the Atlantic World.[5][6]
Explanation:
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Defining the limits on free speech in cases of obscenity, artistic expression, and libel has been very difficult.
