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The answer would be C. France. France was never controlled by the Ottoman Empire.
Egypt and Mesopotamia were two of the world's earliest city-based civilizations, forming the foundation for Middle Eastern and Western history. Though they shared many broad similarities, such as agricultural society, polytheistic religions and written traditions, they also had many differences. These contrasts included geographic orientation, cultural emphases, political organization and other aspects.
Explanation: In 1885, Indian National Congress Party had pressed for self rule within the British Empire. They felt that the British did not deliver the significant reforms promised during the war as acknowledgment of their service.