No war is not or has ever been preventable. 1. Country’s can’t make agreements and fail making negotiations their answer is let’s shoot each other. 2. Politicians make money from war and it doesn’t affect them so why would they care. 3. Unfortunately when you have threats like terrorism and communism you have to fight there’s no other choice.
1) the drawing of borders: many European countries still have borders as drawn by the colonial powers: that's why many of them are straight lines.
2) many African countries adopted the languages of their European Colonial powers
3) many white people settled in Africa and had privilaged life while the indigenous black population suffered (mostly under Apartheid)
... in response to new directions by other persons in leadership in China that Mao thought focused too much on technical expertise and not on ideological purity.
Mao Zedong began the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution (its official name) in 1966. A big part of the program was the closing of China's schools, because Mao saw the majority of educators as bourgeois types who were failing to support the communist revolution. The Cultural Revolution was an insistence on loyalty to communist party ideology.
The Red Guard was formed, which was made up of high school and college students (no longer attending school, since schools were shut down). These radicalized students became militants for Mao over against those whom he considered not revolutionary enough. The Red Guard destroyed historical artifacts and writings of the of China's former culture. They also attacked persons who were seen to be resisting Chairman Mao's permanent revolution.
Millard Fillmore (if you're talking about the US)