Don’t know what to say. Some people are not as helpful as others.
I would double check the answers online with S1ri or g00gle
Answer:
The G-T mismatches generally originate because of the spontaneous deamination of 5-methylcytosine to thymine. Therefore, correcting G-T to G≡C most probably preserves the original sequence.
In the DNA, the 5-methylcytosine usually goes through the process of deamination to thymine. This transformation may cause a G-T base pair or mismatch of nucleotide pairs. Generally, the mutation like C-T transition is common. The G-T base pair is identified by base excision repair proteins, which withdraws this mismatched base pair.
The repair system encourages methylation of cytosine as the mechanism of the regulation of transcription, which permits the turning off or on the process of transcription on the basis of the requirement of the cells. This also assists in preventing the mutation of DNA.
RAS is a very important protein that belongs to a class of protein referred to as GTPases and plays a crucial role in switching on pathways that control cell growth, proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation and migration. For RAS to become inactive it must hydrolyze GTP to GDP which slows down the process of cell proliferation. Mutation in one copies of RAS will result to cancer because the mutated copy will permanently attach to GTP and remain in activated form which will lead to uncontrollable cell division and hence development of cancer.
Concordance = presence of the same trait.
Identical twins have a higher rate than fraternal because most of their DNA is identical, it’s identical because the zygote split into two so the babies shared an amniotic sack. (Zygote is fertilized egg) so the baby got duplicated meaning only one egg and sperm created two babies. Fraternal twins happen when two eggs are fertilized and grow in separate amniotic sacks. So two different babies, two different eggs and sperm.
