Distance to the nearest city
The answer is that "since they do not interact with the electromagnetic force, they do not feel friction or drag and hence do not contract with the rest of the protogalactic cloud." WIMPs (Weakly-Interacting Massive Particles) are hypothetically constituted to dark matter. It is in their nature to be less interactive, so they are scattered throughout galactic halos and not focused into the galaxy's disk.
Naturally occurring solid material from which a metal or valuable mineral can be profitably extracted
zinc, tin

; to find the length of the hypotenuse, you have to use the pythagorean theorem, which states that, in a right triangle,

.

and

would be the two legs, while

would be the hypotenuse. You need to plug in the values of the legs as

and

:

. Solve for the squares of the two numbers, resulting in

, and ultimately

. Find the square root of

and

, and you get

.
In africa and they are called the atlas mountains