Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. Amino acids polymerize together into protein strands.
Iguanas are ectothermic, Kangaroos use osmoregulation.
The mushroom will get 0.05 kcals of energy units in the end. This is because at each level, you only pass on 10% of the energy, which then results in the mushroom getting only 0.05 kcals by the end.
Fruit flies produce offspring relatively fast and have specific traits, such as eye color and body color/shape. They are easy to observe and their traits are easily traced throughout the next generations.
I believe that oxygen and silicon are the most common elements found in the Earth's crust.