The 1920s have also been labeled the
Jazz age, in addition to the nickname "the Roaring Twenties".
To add, the Jazz Age was a post-World War I movement in the 1920s from which
jazz music and dance emerged. Jazz has lived on in American popular culture,
even though the era ended with the outset of the Great Depression in 1929.
The treaty of non-agretion between Germany and the Union of Soviet Sociacist Republics also called as the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact was a neutrally pact between the Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union signed in August of 1939.
The clauses provided a written guarantee of non-beligerance by each party towards the other and a commitment of no alliance with an enemy of the ohter party. In addition the treaty contained a secret protocol in which they defined the borders of the so called "spheres of influence" in the possible events of an invasion to Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia and Finland.
After the signature of the pact Germany and the Soviet Union invaded Poland with a few days of distance between both operations and the new borders was set up by the secret protocol.
The secret protocol was just a rumour untill it was made public at the Nuremberg Trials.
I hope this answer have helped you. Regards.
1786, Americans recognized that the Articles of Confederation, the foundation document for the new United States adopted in 1777, had to be substantially modified. The Articles gave Congress virtually no power to regulate domestic affairs--no power to tax, no power to regulate commerce. Without coercive power, Congress had to depend on financial contributions from the states, and they often time turned down requests. Congress had neither the money to pay soldiers for their service in the Revolutionary War or to repay foreign loans granted to support the war effort. In 1786, the United States was bankrupt. Moreover, the young nation faced many other challenges and threats. States engaged in an endless war of economic discrimination against commerce from other states. Southern states battled northern states for economic advantage. The country was ill-equipped to fight a war--and other nations wondered whether treaties with the United States were worth the paper they were written on. On top of all else, Americans suffered from injured pride, as European nations dismissed the United States as "a third-rate republic."
America's creditor class had other worries. In Rhode Island (called by elites "Rogue Island"), a state legislature dominated by the debtor class passed legislation essentially forgiving all debts as it considered a measure that would redistribute property every thirteen years. The final straw for many came in western Massachusetts where angry farmers, led by Daniel Shays, took up arms and engaged in active rebellion in an effort to gain debt relief.
Troubles with the existing Confederation of States finally convinced the Continental Congress, in February 1787, to call for a convention of delegates to meet in May in Philadelphia "to devise such further provisions as shall appear to them necessary to render the constitution of the Federal Government adequate to the exigencies of the Union."
Across the country, the cry "Liberty!" filled the air. Butwhat liberty? Few people claim to be anti-liberty, but the word "liberty" has many meanings. Should the delegates be most concerned with protected liberty of conscience, liberty of contract (meaning, for many at the time, the right of creditors to collect debts owed under their contracts), or the liberty to hold property (debtors complained that this liberty was being taken by banks and other creditors)? Moreover, the cry for liberty could mean two very different things with respect to the slave issue--for some, the liberty to own slaves needed protection, while for others (those more able to see through black eyes), liberty meant ending the slavery.
Convention in Philadelphia