The first country to defeat Napoleon was Austria during the Second Battle of Bassano on November 6, 1796 in Northern Italy.
Explanation:
The battle occured near Bassano del Grappa, Northern Italy. The Habsburg army, commanded by József Alvinczi fought against Napoleon's French Army of Italy and both armies had multiple casualties and gave way to Bonaparte's first defeat.
By 1799, France was at war with most of Europe, and Napoleon returned home from his Egyptian campaign to take over the reigns of the French government and save his nation from collapse. After becoming first consul in February 1800, he reorganized his armies and defeated Austria.
