The body can defend itself from pathogens using white blood cells, the respiratory system, and digestive system. White blood cells fight against the pathogens by ingesting them. Certain white blood cells called lymphocytes produce antibodies that destroy pathogens by finding antigens, the foreign chemicals released by the pathogen. The respiratory system defends the body from pathogens each time you sneeze or cough. Cilia and mucus also protect the body by trapping dirt and other particles. The digestive system destroys pathogens with saliva, mucus, enzymes, and stomach acid.
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The answer to this question would be: <span>B) fat; they store twice as much energy per gram. </span>
Fat can be converted into much more calorie than glucose or protein. Glucose and protein rate would be 4kcal/grams but fat can give 9kcal/grams which were about 2 times more.
But carbohydrate would be the primary source of energy in the human diet. If the energy is more than the body needs, it will be converted into fat.
The scenario above tell us that the effects of a neurotransmitter is based on the properties of the receptor to which they bind more than the neurotransmitter. Some neurotransmitters bring about stimulation when the bind to receptors while others brings about inhibition. The effect of a neurotransmitter on a receptor depends on the properties of that receptor.
A nervous or anxious dog will exhibit the following body language signs to communicate its state:
Flattened ears
Hunched back
Tail between legs
Nose lick
All of these signs show that the dog feels nervous, and will attack if it is pushed further. If the tension is released, you will see the dog take an exaggerated yawn to relieve itself.
