The answer might be a or d if that doesnt work block me or deleted my answer try both of them
The civilization of Mesopotamia built their cities at Ur and Akkad and constructed ziggurats. Mesopotamia is actually a Greek word that means "land between the rivers". In the western world, the civilization of Mesopotamia is considered as the cradle of human civilization. Mesopotamia is the land that lies between the two rivers Tigris and Euphrates.
Answer #1, not a cause of Protestant Reformation:
Answer #2, not a consequence of Protestant Reformation:
Explanation:
The Thirty Years' War was one of the Wars of Religion that followed as a consequence of the Protestant Reformation. The Protestant Reformation is usually dated as beginning in 1517 with Martin Luther's posting of his 95 Theses concerning the sale of indulgences. The Thirty Years' War was fought a century after that, from 1618-1648.
The Columbian Exchange is the name given to transfer of plants, animals, culture, people, ideas and more between Europe, the American continents, and West Africa, in the 15th and 16th centuries. It is named after Christopher Columbus, who was credited with "discovering" the lands of the Western Hemisphere with his voyages beginning in 1492. The Columbian Exchange happened around the same time as the Protestant Reformation and its aftermath were occurring in Europe, but the two were not related events.
<span>Competition over wealth and resources--under the theory of mercantilism it was believed there was a limited amount of wealth in the world and power was given to the country that held the most wealth.
Power and wealth are connected under the mercantilism theory. If there is only so much wealth in the world and a country must hold the most wealth to have the most power, then countries would be willing to fight each other for wealth. During the late 15th and early 15th centuries, this theory drove European countries to create colonies and trade connections with Asian Empires. In doing this they believed they were gaining power through the wealth of land and resources.</span>
The correct answer is <span>shortages of land
As a matter of fact, it was quite the opposite. The largest part of the land was completely uninhabited because of the harsh living conditions in those areas. If someone wanted land they could literally just went anywhere westwards or north and procured land easily if they wanted to live there. The other reasons did however cause Russian weakness.</span>
