1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
padilas [110]
3 years ago
13

Who discovered Mars? When? How? Where?

History
1 answer:
Ray Of Light [21]3 years ago
6 0




Tycho Brahe

1609
Johannes Kepler (1571 - 1630), a student of Tycho Brahe, publishes Astronomia Nova (New Astronomy), which contain his first two laws of planetary motion. Kepler's first law assumes that Mars has an elliptical orbit, which was a revolutionary idea at the time. Until then, the classical belief held that a circle was perfect, and therefore all orbits must be circular.

1609
Galileo Galilei (1564 - 1642) observes Mars with a primitive telescope, becoming the first person to use it for astronomical purposes.

1659
The Dutch astronomer Christiaan Huygens (1629 - 1695) draws Mars using an advanced telescope of his own design. He records a large, dark spot on Mars, probably Syrtis Major. He notices that the spot returns to the same position at the same time the next day, and calculates that Mars has a 24 hour period.

1666
Giovanni Cassini (1625 - 1712) observes Mars and determines that the rotational period, or length of one Mars day is 24h, 40m.

1672
Huygens is the first to notice a white spot at the south pole, probably the southern polar cap.

1698
Huygens publishes Cosmotheros, which discusses what is required of a planet to support life, and speculates about intelligent extraterrestrials. This is one of the first published expositions of extraterrestrial life.

Historical Perspective...


The Trial of Galileo

The 1600s were not an easy time in which to study science. The church was a powerful institution and had its own ideas about the nature of the universe. Galileo was a beliver in the Copernican theory that the solar system revolves around the sun. He was advised by Cardinal Bellarmino to be cautious and not to imply the the Copernican theory were real. He published a book, Siderius Nuncius (Starry Messenger) which was considered controversial and in opposition with the ideas of the Roman Catholic Church, and was arrested and tried in the Inquisition. Galileo was found guilty of heresy and was sentenced to life imprisonment and forced to recant. In secret, he wrote another book, which was smuggled out of the country and published in France. His work is now considered the foundation of modern physics.



You might be interested in
What was the result of the Munich Agreement?
Luden [163]
The Munich Agreement allowed territory belonging to Czechoslovakia around the borders of Germany (where many Germans already were located) to be annexed to form what the Germans called "Sudetenland". 

Answer: A
7 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Which pair of events shows a cause-and-effect relationship?
Dmitry_Shevchenko [17]

Answer:The horse is not native to ancient Egyptians and the exact date of its introduction to the country is not certain. The horse is believed to have come to Egypt with the Hyksos around 1600BC, who settled in the Nile Delta from the Levant, looking for grazing land for their cattle. By 1700BC these new settlers had been in the area, marrying the native women, for long enough that they could take political control. The Hyksos founded their own fortified capital in the Delta, controlling Memphis and forging alliances with kingdom of Kush, while the Egyptian kings retained control of Thebes. The Hyksos proved very difficult to expel from Egypt due to their competence with the horse and chariot, a method of warfare that the Egyptians had previously barely come into contact with. But this was only so if they could fight on a level battlefield. The lightweight, high-speed chariots they utilized became very dangerous on all but the flattest terrain and a group of charging horses can rapidly become uncontrollable, potentially putting the passengers in a great deal of danger. The Ancient Egyptian Horse and Chariot The chariots used by the Egyptians were lightweight, fast vehicles with two wheels, drawn by two horses. Within each chariot rode two men, the driver and the fighter. It is thought that initially the chariot was used as transport for the aristocracy and also for hunting. Since the turnover of chariot horses was likely to be very high, it is probable that a large stock of breeding horses were kept, to make sure there was a constant supply for battle. In the early years of the presence of the horse in Egypt, it is highly likely that horses were too precious to risk, so until stock increased horses were used very carefully. The Horse and the Ancient Egyptian Elite The horse soon became a much loved and prized possession for the Egyptian elite, particularly the Pharaoh. The horses first introduced to Egypt are smaller than those we are used to today, and had features similar to those of the Arab breed. Yoke measurements from chariots found in tombs give the horses an average height of 1.35m at the withers, or 13.2hh. However these animals could measure up to 1.50m, or 15hh. Ramses II mentions his horses in the Poem of Kadesh, acknowledging them for their part in the battle of Kadesh. This in itself might seem a strange thing; the Pharaoh rarely shared the credit for a victory with another human, so why should such praise fall upon horses? Relief showing Ramses II at the Battle of Kadesh. “I defeated millions of foreign countries, being alone, being on ‘Victory in Thebes’ and ‘Mut is Contented’ my great horses. They it is whom I found to support me when I was alone fighting many foreign countries… They it is whom I found in the midst of the battle together with the charioteer Menna my shield bearer…”

Explanation:

5 0
3 years ago
What happened to black Americans who fled the South for northern cities?
goblinko [34]
They were forced to settle in the suburbs
5 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
How have native americans maintained the cuture traditions?
Shkiper50 [21]
Under the shamefully misguided idea of “Kill the Indian and Save the Man,” federal laws and policies prohibited tribes from practicing their religion and ceremonies, laws that were not fully repealed until the 1978 American Indian Religious Freedom Act, later amended to protect the Native American Church’s ceremonial use of peyote in 1994.  Tribes lacked control of their own ceremonial items and even their human remains until the 1990 Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act required federal agencies and institutions that receive federal funding to return Native American "cultural items" to their descendants and tribes.

The trauma and persecution endured by elder Native generations led to a breakdown of the Native family and tribal structure and a weakening of spiritual ties.  Many Natives who attended boarding schools lost their sense of self through enforced shaming of their cultural identity.  As a result, their children were raised with little awareness of their Native heritage and became disconnected from their tribal ways of knowing.

Today, many tribes in the United States are reviving their traditions and cultures.  Central to this cultural renaissance is the importance of language and ceremony.  A number of tribes have created language learning programs to preserve and pass on their tribal dialects to future generations.  Ceremonies returned into practice, local radio stations began broadcasting in Native languages, pow-wows became an inter-tribal gathering space, and a new native generation is taught to live with dignity, character and pride.  Running Strong supports several Native communities that are part of this movement, which brings strength and healing, and hope to today’s American Indian youth.

3 0
3 years ago
Select all that apply.
matrenka [14]

Answer:

The USA was afraid that communism would spread to South Vietnam and then the rest of Asia.

Explanation:

6 0
3 years ago
Other questions:
  • Which of the following statements about the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor is true?
    14·1 answer
  • Explain why Fascism rose in popularity in Europe?
    9·1 answer
  • What is George Mason's greatest contribution to the United States? convincing states to ratify the United States Constitution pr
    9·1 answer
  • How were the principles of humanism and the Protestant reformation similar
    10·1 answer
  • What does migration mean ?
    14·1 answer
  • Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) – (Which countries were involved? How did OPEC affect the US?)
    8·1 answer
  • PLZZ HELP ME !!!!!!The 1860 presidential
    12·1 answer
  • What are the pros and cons of getting into an arms race against other countries? pls answer
    5·1 answer
  • What aspect of the United States best completes the table?
    9·2 answers
  • What did the visigoths travel?
    10·2 answers
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!