The Czar’s autocratic policies toward the people led to social unrest because the people, especially the "common folk" or peasants were granted practically no rights and there was no democratic process--meaning that they became upset when they were unable to further their lives either socially or economically.
Catholic church responded to the Reformation through the allowance of Calvinist movement to continue expansion and also agreed to perform services in the vernacular.
Answer : Option D and E
<u>Explanation:</u>
The Catholic Church responded to the Reformation of Protestants by the formation of Council of Trent. the Council of Trent was formed in the year of 1545, the Church opened it for dealing with the problems raised by Martin Luther.
The assembly of high officials formed the Council of Trent, meeting principally in the Northern Italian town of Trent for a period of discontinuity for eighteen years held in 25 sessions.
Luther justification of faith was denied and Doctrine of Merit was affirmed and so the Church got weakened but the Calvinist movement got expansion with services in vernacular was accepted to be performed.
Answer: Enlightenment in the Colonial Period
Explanation: The ideas of the Enlightenment, which emphasized science and reason over faith and superstition, strongly influenced the American colonies in the eighteenth century. Overview The Enlightenment was an intellectual movement in the eighteenth century that emphasized reason and science. The Enlightenment, also known as the Age of Reason, was an intellectual and cultural movement in the eighteenth century that emphasized reason over superstition and science over blind faith. Using the power of the press, Enlightenment thinkers like John Locke, Isaac Newton, and Voltaire questioned accepted knowledge and spread new ideas about openness, investigation, and religious tolerance throughout Europe and the Americas. Many consider the Enlightenment a major turning point in Western civilization, an age of light replacing an age of darkness.
