The correct answer is:
a) Problem and solution
In composition, a problem and solution format is a type of text where you can identify a problem and proposing one or more solutions. A problem-solution essay is a type of argument. "This kind of texts involve argumentation in that the writer seeks to convince the reader to take a particular course of action. In this case the writer is trying to convince you to own a pet.
A direct object is a noun, pronoun or group of words serving as the receiving end of an action. So in this case,
Settlers (answer!)
This should be the answer as settlers are at the receiving end of the protection from the judge! :)
You didn't attach anything that I can see...
Hello!
The correct answer is C. "People who support animal testing are crazy."
This is an example of an ad hominem fallacy because the thesis states that animal testing is valuable, which insinuates that the person making the claim believes in animal testing. By claiming that "people who support animal testing are crazy" is making a statement about the person himself rather than about the argument. The sentence is stating that the person who supports animal testing is crazy rather than explaining a counter-argument about the topic.
I hope this helps you! Have a lovely day!
- Mal