Mercantilism is really the idea that trade generates wealth, so i would have to say 3. establishment of subsistence agriculture
I don't think it should be taken at face value because those ways could be the main ways to earn money, but it could probably be the least reliable or successful ways. This sentence could just be a lie taken literaly in which has a hidden meaning. This could be a meaning that you might not get, in which will leave you ripped off.
<span>The economic and social crises chipped away at the foundations of Medieval society in the 1300s and 1400s. Wars raged constantly during this time. The conditions were ripe for great social changes.</span>
C or d would be the answer
Allowed the parlament to approve all taxes