Taxable income is the income (revenue) given on tax. It is payable, in other words, it is the tax paid for being paid.
Example:
You get $40
You need to pay 5% to tax
5% of 40
.05*40 = 2
2 is the tax, so,
40 - 2 = 38
Your revenue is 38 now, and taxable income is 2
Given Information:
Current Population = P₀ = 7 billion = 7x10⁹
Growth rate = r = 3 %
Period = t = 100 years
Required Information:
(a) Population after 100 years = ?
(b) Population after t = 0, 1, 2, 10, 25, 50 years = ?
(c) Population vs time graph = ?
Explanation:
The human population growth can be modeled as an exponential growth,
where P₀ is the current population, r is the growth rate and t is the time period
(a) What would the population equal 100 years from now?
P = 140.6x10⁹
(b) Compute the level of the population for t = 0, t = 1, t = 2, t = 10, 25, and t =50
<u>t = 0</u>
P = 7x10⁹e⁰
P = 7x10⁹
<u>t = 1</u>
P = 7x10⁹e^0.03*1
P = 7.213x10⁹
<u>t = 2</u>
P = 7x10⁹e^0.03*2
P = 7.423x10⁹
<u>t = 10</u>
P = 7x10⁹e^0.03*10
P = 9.45x10⁹
<u>t = 25</u>
P = 7x10⁹e^0.03*25
P = 14.82x10⁹
<u>t = 50</u>
P = 7x10⁹e^0.03*50
P = 31.37x10⁹
(c) Make a population versus time graph
Attached as image
Answer:
A. The total market value of steel used to produce car and total market value of car itself are summed
Explanation:
Double Counting refers to multiple inclusion of Intermediate goods' value in value of Final Goods . Final Goods are goods used for self consumption , investment & Intermediate Goods are goods used for further processing , further resale .
Eg : Farmer sold wheat to miller for 100 . Miller sells flour to baker for 150 (miller value added = 150 - 100 = 50) .Baker sells bread to consumers for 200 (baker value added = 200 - 150 = 50) . But ,Value of Bread (200) already includes value of flour (150) , which further includes value of wheat (100) and value added at each stage 50 each.
If including value of both final good (Bread) and intermediate good (Wheat , flour) : Bread value would be 100+150+200 = 450 which is much overvalued above real value 200, including all intermediate goods value , because of Double Counting of IC goods value in Final Good
Similarly : Steel used as Intermediate good to produce Final Good Car , if included in Car Value - will lead to Double Counting
A) because that is they only one that actually makes sense