The beneficial uses of bacterial toxins in medicine are more and more used lately. For example, Botulinum toxin is a toxic protein produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum which has paralytic effects (injection of this toxin into muscle relax specific muscles). Botulinum toxin accomplishes his effects on the neuromuscular junction where he prevents the release of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (Ach). Utilization of this toxin is in the treatment of various muscle spasms. It is also used in the treatment of migraines. Diphtheria toxin is also one of the toxins used for medical purposes for the treatment of cutaneous and non-Hodgkin T-cell lymphomas. <span>Some bacterial toxins can be used in the treatment of tumours. For example, immunotoxin, which is protein made by fusion of modified antibody and toxin.The antibody binds to an antigen on the target cell, the toxin then enters via endocytosis and kills the cell. Commonly used bacterial toxins in immunotoxins are Diphtheria toxin and the Pseudomonas exotoxin.</span>
The best estimate of the population of trout in the lake is 500 individuals.
The low number of tagged trout recaptured may be because the tags slipped off.
This possibility can be reduced if the student used tags that does not slip off easily.
<h3>Mark and recapture method</h3>
The formula for calculating the estimated number of individuals in the population is given as:
where:
- N = estimated Number of individuals in the population
- M = number of individuals captured and Marked
- C = total number Captured the second time (with and without a mark)
- R= number of individuals Recaptured (those with a mark)
Calculating the estimate trout population:
N = (50*40)/4
N = 50
Therefore, the best estimate of the population of trout in the lake is 500 individuals.
The low number of tagged trout recaptured may be because the tags slipped off.
This possibility can be reduced if the student used tags that does not slip off easily.
Learn more about mark and recapture method at: brainly.com/question/10646744
A generalist species is able to survive in a wide variety of environmental conditions and can make use of lots of different resources. Generalist species have a big niche. Humans, rabbits, house flies, and raccoons would all fall under the generalist species list.
A specialist species can only thrive is a small variety of environmental conditions and/or only has a limited diet. Specialist species have a small niche. Pandas, koalas, and salamanders would all fall under the specialist species list.
1. False. They are similar, though.
meiosis- A kind of cell division involving having the chromosome number. It is responsible for genetic recombination.
Gametogenesis- It's the process when gametes or germ cells are produced in an organism. They undergo meiosis to form gametes.
2. Spermatogenesis- happens in the testes of males. 4 gametes are produced. Spermatogenesis involves a metamorphosis stage called spermiogenesis. Spermatogenesis produces small, motile spermatozoa
Oogenesis- takes place in the ovary in a female. 1 gamete produced. in oogenesis there is no metamorphosis stage. In oogenesis the ovum is spherical, and isn't motile and is bigger with more food reserves and cytoplasm.
3. Because The one egg cell that results from meiosis contains most of the cytoplasm, nutrients, and organelles.
