Question

Suppose that a dominant allele (P) codes for a polka-dot tail and a recessive allele (p) codes for a solid colored tail. In addition, suppose that a dominant allele (L) codes for long eyelashes and a recessive allele (l) codes for short eyelashes. If two individuals heterozygous for both traits (tail color and eyelash length) mate, what's the probability of the phenotypic combinations of the offspring? A. 1:1 ratio (half are polka-dot tails and long eyelashes; half are solid tails and short eyelashes) B. 1:1 ratio (half are polka-dot tails and short eyelashes; half are solid tails and long eyelashes) C. 9:3:3:1 ratio (9 polka-dot tails and long eyelashes, 3 polka-dot tails and short eyelashes, 3 solid tails and short eyelashes, 1 solid tail and short eyelash) D. 9:3:3:1 ratio (9 polka-dot tails and short eyelashes, 3 polka-dot tails and short eyelashes, 3 solid tails and long eyelashes, 1 solid tail and long eyelash)

Answer 1

Heterozygous is when an individual has two different alleles at any location. In this example, each parent will have Pp for tail type and Ll for eyelash length.
The punnet square for couple will look like this
  
            PL           Pl           pL         pl

PL      PPLL      PPLl       PpLL      PpLl     

Pl       PPLl       PPll         PpLl       Ppll

pL      PpLL      PpLl         ppLL      ppLl

pl       PpLl       Ppll           ppLl       ppll

Of the sixteen genotypes listed, the following phenotypes will result

Polka dot tail with long eyelashes     9
Polka dot tail with short eyelashes    3
Solid tail with long eyelashes            3
Solid tail with short eyelashes           1

I want to say the answer is (C), but it looks like there might have been an error in the question where it says 3 solid tails, short eyelashes and then 1 solid tail with short eyelashes

Answer 2

9:3:3:1 ratio (9 polka-dot tails and long eyelashes, 3 polka-dot tails and short eyelashes, 3 solid tails and long eyelashes, 1 solid tail and short eyelash)