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Answer:
i.
The passive continental margins are formed under divergent plate boundary setting. These are aseismic (less seismic) and often referred as the Atlantic-type margins having a distinct transition zone between the continental and oceanic crustal regions.
ii.
The active continental margins referred as the Pacific-type margins are the zones of seismically active convergent plate boundaries. These are characterized by subduction zones formed under variety of settings such as oceanic–oceanic, oceanic–continental, etc. and are mostly observed along the periphery of the Pacific Ocean.
iii.
Transform continental margins (sheared margins) are formed due to lateral plate movements or shearing motions during the continental breakup process in the divergent margin setting. Identifying this category of margins is also in a way important, as they represent an original offset in the line of continental breakup and can normally be traced laterally into an oceanic fracture zone (Bird, 2001). Further, transform margins are also noticed along the Pacific type continental margins.
Explanation:
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Answer:
Seismic waves are studied by geophysicists called seismologists. Seismic wave fields are recorded by a seismometer, hydrophone (in water), or accelerometer. The propagation velocity of seismic waves depends on density and elasticity of the medium as well as the type of wave.
Explanation:
The Midwest is the biggest agricultural region in the United States, and of the biggest in the world. It is a region that has specialized in the production of several crops that are highly demanded on the market, and are used for multiple different things.
The reason why the Midwest has became an agricultural center is that it has very deep and highly fertile soil. The soil is of such a good quality because naturally this region is a grassland, so the enormous amounts of decaying grasses have created a very good soil suitable for growing numerous types of plants.
Unfortunately, converting the region into an agricultural center has caused lot of environmental problems. The grasslands have mostly been destroyed, and with it the habitat of lot of animals. The extensive usage of pesticides and other chemicals has resulted in pollution of the waters. The mechanization used in the agriculture has become one of the major contributors to the greenhouse gases emissions. Because big portion of the region is semi-arid, or only gets sufficient amounts of rainfall seasonally, the aquifers have been depleted.
