Because west was uninhabited by the Europeans, it was rich with resources and when the railway was created many people rushed to the West in search for gold.
Explanation:
Europeans firstly settled on the east coast, where they created first 13 colonies. As the time passed the population was growing fast and the natural resources were exploited. That is why there was a constant need to move towards the West, which led to most of the people settling new lands.
To push the enslaved to produce more crops. to render the enslaved powerless as to not revolt. to provoke fear in the enslaved to repay their cost. to harden the enslaved and ready them for auction.
A thermocline is the transition layer between the warmer mixed water at the surface and the cooler deep water below. It is relatively easy to tell when you have reached the thermocline in a body of water because there is a sudden change in temperature.