Question

What led to citizens at Vicksburg to surrender to the Union Army?

Answer 1

"Instead of unconditional surrender, Grant offered parole to the defenders of Vicksburg, and Pemberton and his generals decided this was the best they could hope for."

Answer 2

Answer:

The siege.

Explanation:

General Grant´s campaign to capture Mississippi began in June and, after capturing its capital and pushing Confederate´s army of general Pemberton to Vicksburg.

The town was heavily defended and was placed on a cliff. The Union army wanted to capture it because of its control over a strategic river. Grant´s army outnumbered two to one to Pemberton´s one but it was very well defended sustaining two attempts of attack by the Union. After those two failed attempts Grant decided to siege the town until the armies inside get out of food.

After 40 days of the siege, Pemberton finally surrendered.

I hope this answer helps you.