They allow citizens to take an active role in government through procedures like the initiative, the referendum, and the recall. They are organized into three branches and use a system of checks and balances to ensure no branch become too powerful.
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It's the bottom one, the establishment of the Supreme Court.
King George refused to approve laws that would establish judiciary powers which is the power of of a court to do what courts do (settle controversies, pronounce judgements etc) which in turn took away certain rights of the people so that is why the Supreme Court was established to give and assure people those denied rights.
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Through nonviolent protest, the civil rights movement of the 1950s and '60s broke the pattern of public facilities' being segregated by “race” in the South and achieved the most important breakthrough in equal-rights legislation for African Americans since the Reconstruction period
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