Answer:
A combination of training, tactics, discipline, intelligence and constantly adapting new tactics gave the Mongol army its savage edge against the slower, heavier armies of the times. The Mongols lost very few battles, and they usually returned to fight again another day, winning the second time around.
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Lyndon Johnson was elected as the youngest minority leader in
Senate. Soon after election the democrats had won majority leader
in the senate. This gained Johnson huge skill which he later
obtained passage of a number of key Eisenhower measures. Later in
the 1960 campaign, Kennedy was Johnson running mate, Kennedy ended
up winning and Johnson made the Vice President. After Kennedy died
Johnson was sworn in as president. In 1964 Johnson won presidency
with over 15,000,000 votes. The republican party was a ruling group
of the time in the nation and though Kennedy wanted to stop civil
rights, he never got time to. So the republicans in the nation all
swarmed to Johnson to a new civil rights bill and tax cuts.
source: white house.gov
The primary effect of cultural exchange between Europe and the Islamic world was that Muslim goods and knowledge led to some advancements in European society. One advancement example is the number system.
C. Patriotism and loyalty; It was a benefactor for the civil war and was a main theme of the civil war