E. An abbreviation for id est, a Latin phrase meaning “that is.” It indicates that an explanation or paraphrase is about to follow: “Many workers expect to put in a forty-hour week — i.e., to work eight hours a day.”
Answer:
1
Explanation:
Since "when" is a subordinating conjuction, you have to put a comma after the first independent clause.
I’m pretty sure it’s B but not 100%
Answer:
Indifferent
Explanation:
I am doing this worksheet right now
What it means is that he wouldn't have been able to get where he got if it hadn't been for the scientific achievements of his predecessors. If it hadn't been for these "giants" that enabled him to see so far, he wouldn't have been able to make all the discoveries that he did. For those coming after him, he was a giant that enabled them, and so laws and theories and scientific knowledge always increases based on the knowledge before it.