The <em>Righteous Harmonious Fists</em> were a rebellion that outbursted between 1899 and 1901. Their position was radical. There would be no tolerance for foreigners, colonialists or Christians. They were motivated by nationalist sentiments and an fierce opposition to Western colonialism.
On the other hand, <em>Sun Yixian</em> developed his political philosophy known as <em>"The Three Principles of the People"</em>, in which he clearly stated that China needed independence from Imperialist domination in the form of the Manchurian Qing Dynasty. He believed that the reluctance from the empire to adopt western technology and knowledge was severely hindering the development of China.
