<span>Religious beliefs have
highly influenced the political and hierarchical structures in both Ottoman and
Safavid Persia empires. Although both states were of Islamic religion, they
belonged to different branches, Sunni and Shia. These branches differ over the
choice of Muhammad's successor, which subsequently acquired broader political
significance, as well as theological and juridical dimensions. Sunni Muslims
believed that Muhammad didn’t clearly appoint a successor, which is why there
isn’t hereditary succession law in Ottoman Empire. This contrasts with the Shia
Muslims view, which holds that Muhammad appointed his son-in-law and cousin Ali
ibn Abi Talib to succeed him. They believed that the empire should be led by
direct successor of Muhammad’s line. Differences between these two branches
affected the politics, as Shia Muslims weren’t religiously tolerant to other
confessions and considered them for heretics, even the other branches of Islam.
This resulted in the besieged of Bagdad, which was followed by the massacre of
a large part of its Sunni Muslim inhabitants, as it was endeavored to transform
Baghdad into a purely Shiite city. The besiege of Bagdad was the event that led
to the Ottoman-Safavid war (1623–1639).</span>
I think it’s c but I could be wrong
It was the spanish crown attempted to define the status of the indian population in its american colonies. It was basically when the people went from muslim to jews from the reconquest of the muslim spain. Muslim spain was when musilms took over the spain. Hope this helps. P.s this information was from my text book but I changed it into my own words.
Answer:
The Middle Kingdom was a time of achievements for the ancient Egyptians. <em>Art took on new styles and techniques, like the block style</em>, where art was produced from large blocks of stone. Irrigation projects at the Faiyum, a large oasis on the west bank of the Nile in Lower Egypt, increased harvests.
some change was made during the Middle Kingdom was the sea-faring expeditions. These sea-faring expeditions required thousands of men and careful planning to avoid disruption with Kerma. Irrigation was another important project that took place during the late 12th dynasty
