Answer:
Activation of infectious inflammation:
PAMPs are derived from microorganisms and thus drive inflammation in response to infections. After identifying microorganisms infections PAMPs by PRRs, activate cytoplasmic complexes called inflammasomes.
After activation of inflammasomes, these inflammasomes activate the protease caspase-1, which then cleaves or breaks various pro-inflammatory cytokines, resulting in maturation and cellular release that cause inflammatory reactions.
The answer would be fossils since they are they remains of past life forms
Answer:
The lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled in the ER, or the Endoplasmic Reticulum.
Answer:
plants response
Explanation:
all questions about response to plants stimulus
Answer:
The correct answer is option D.
Explanation:
Hamilton rules state that any trait that helps in benefiting others, B, is multiplied by genetic relatedness, R, which is greater than cot to self, C, it is favored by the process of natural selection.
As indicated by Hamilton's rule, the kin selection makes qualities increment in recurrence when the hereditary relatedness of a beneficiary to an actor multiplied by the advantage to the beneficiary is more noteworthy than the regenerative expense to the actor.
Thus, the correct answer is option D.
