Plate tectonics is what you are referring to?
Answer:
\ rb) Alienação de mão de obra excedente.
Explanation:
O principal benefício para Portugal da forte emigração sentida na década de 1960 foi a disposição de mão-de-obra excedente, o que aumenta a disponibilidade de recursos para a população existente e o povo de Portugal cresce financeiramente. O segundo benefício dessa emigração é que a moeda estrangeira também foi trazida para o país pelos familiares que moram fora de Portugal.
or
b) Disposal of surplus labor.
Explanation;
The main benefit for Portugal of the strong emigration that was felt in the 1960s was the disposal of surplus labor which increases the resources availability for the existing population and the people of Portugal grow financially. The second benefit of this emigration is that foreign currency was also brought in the country by the family members living outside Portugal.

Just as Christian Europe had settled down after the barbarian invasions, followed by the onslaught of Islamic armies, a new wave of barbarian invaders came from the north in the form of the Vikings.
sorry if its not a short answer

The migration of Indian population can be an apprehensive approach (or an approach that would spark fear or anxiety that may lead to xenophobia) to Western nation through 'invading' or increasing the population density of foreign immigrants that are not part of the Western culture.
Im gonna need more than this to help with your question!