A responsibility center is any part of the firm whose manager has control over and is accountable for cost, profit or investment decisions of the part of the firm under his control.
What are the different types of responsibility center?
There are three types of responsibility center as listed below:
-Profit center
-Cost center
-Investment center
A cost center's manager is accountable for the profits of the division without been held responsible for its revenue and profits.
A profit center's manager would be accountable for revenue or sales and profit of the center as well as costs, in other words, the manager is expected to make decisions that minimize costs while also maximizing revenues and profits thereon.
Lastly, an investment center's manager would be able to take decisions bordering on costs reduction, revenue and profit maximization including whether or not to invest in new equipment or assets.
Overall, all of the aforementioned are known as responsibility centers, hence, the correct option is responsibility centers.
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Answer:
The correct answer are A and E.
Explanation:
Cost leadership is where the company intends to be the lowest cost producer in its industrial sector. The company has a broad picture and serves many segments of the industrial sector, and can still operate in related industrial sectors. The breadth of the company is often important for its cost advantage. The sources of cost advantages are varied and depend on the structure of the industrial sector. They can include the persecution of economies of scale of own technology, preferential access to raw materials.
A successful cost leadership strategy is disseminated throughout the company, as evidenced by high efficiency, low overhead, limited benefits, waste intolerance, thorough review of budget requests, extensive control elements, rewards linked to cost concentration and extensive employee participation in attempts to control costs.
Some risks of following cost leadership is that competitors could mimic the strategy, decreasing the profits of the industry in general; that technological advances in the industry could make the strategy ineffective or that the interest of the buyers could be diverted towards other characteristics of differentiation besides the price.
Answer and Explanation:
Arguments for U.S. Company offshoring:
1. Cost savings:
Companies usually offshore manufacturing or services to developing countries where wages are low, thus resulting in cost savings. These savings are passed on to the customers, shareholders and managers of these companies.
2. Skills:
The competitive advantage of nations often means that some countries or regions develop a much better ecosystem for certain types of industries. This means there is better availability of skilled human resources in that region for specific types of tasks. For example, India and the Philippines have a large pool of English-speaking, college educated youth; as well as a mature training infrastructure; that makes it ideal for business process outsourcing. Therefore, many companies choose to offshore certain business functions (e.g. call centers for customer support) to these locations.
Arguments for U.S. Company offshoring:
1. Quality Control:
While companies can set quality standards for work performed by foreign employees, language and cultural barriers, as well as overseas supply chains, can present barriers to quality control. Products made overseas can be flawed because of out-of-date or worn equipment in overseas factories, or substandard raw materials. In 2000, for example, Masterlock had to recall more than 750,000 locks made in China. Worn dies at the Chinese factory produced locks that could be pulled apart without a key.
2. Public Image:
In times of high unemployment in the United States, sending jobs out of the country can hurt a company’s public image. Fewer regulations in other countries can make it less expensive for American factories to operate, but environmental damage and labor abuses that make the news can tarnish the image of companies involved there. Consumers have organized boycotts against companies that use child labor or sweatshops to produce clothing and shoes. In response, companies such as Nike, Dell and Gap have established codes of conduct for their suppliers.
Answer:
Decrease of $18,000
Explanation:
As there is a payment of dividend so it would reduce the stockholder equity by $50,000
And, there is an increase in account receivable for rendering the service that means the service revenue would increased so the stockholder equity would increased by $32,000
Now the net effect would be
= -$50,000 + $32,000
= -$18,000
