Function of Cytoplasm. The jelly-like fluid that fills a cell is called cytoplasm. It is made up of mostly water and salt. Cytoplasm is present within the cell membrane of all cell types and contains all organelles and cell parts. ... It helps to fill out the cell and keeps organelles in their place.
This is because the cells we need for reproduction need to be genetically different from those of the rest of the body.
Cellular reproduction
When a mother cell divides into two or more daughter cells, this process is known as cell division. Cell division frequently takes place as a component of a longer cell cycle. There are two different types of cell division in eukaryotes: a vegetative division (mitosis), in which each daughter cell inherits the genetic makeup of the parent cell, and a reproductive division (gametogenesis), in which the number of chromosomes in the daughter cells is cut in half to produce haploid gametes (meiosis). In cell biology, the process of mitosis, during which replicated chromosomes are split into two new nuclei, is a stage of the cell cycle. The number of chromosomes is maintained in the genetically identical cells produced by cell division.
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1- Combustion reactions are exothermic reactions since these reactions result in the emission of heat (heat is a product and not a reactant)
2- A substance with higher specific heat that water would be liquid ammonia. This means that, for the same amount of energy given to both water and liquid ammonia, water will heat faster and gain more thermal energy (in degree celcius) that liquid ammonia.
3- Conduction : occurs when heat is directly transmitted from a material to another due to the difference in temperature between both. Examples are:
a- when using an iron the heat is transferred from the iron to the piece of clothe being ironed
b- if you hold a hot cup heat will transfer to your hand
c- when you hold chocolate with your bare hand it will melt due to the transfer of heat from your hand to the chocolate
d- when you heat food on the stove the heat will transfer from the flame to the pan
e- when you hold ice it melts due to the transfer of heat from your hand to the ice piece
f- when you place hot liquid in a cup the heat will transfer from the liquid to the cup and the cup will become hot
g- if you place a spoon in a plate containing hot food the heat will be transferred from the food to the spoon making it hot
h- when you walk on the sand beach during summer the heat will be transferred from the sand to your feet and your feet will be hot
i- if you hold someone's hand when he/sh is cold the heat will be transferred from your hand to his/hers
j- Light bulbs emit heat, if you touch them this heat will be transferred to your body
4- Convection : is the transfer of heat through liquids or gases. Examples:
a- when water at the bottom of a pot is heated, it transfers this heat to the water above by convection
b- the process of ice melting when left in the air where heat is transferred from the air to the ice
c- the same goes for chocolate melting
d- cooling a frozen substance using running water where heat is transferred from the water to the frozen substance
e- when you stream a hot cup of tea/coffee, you transfer heat from the tea/coffee to the air
f- when a radiator moves the hot air upwards and the cold air downwards
g- when a balloon rises up wen being filled with hot air
h- when the ocean circulates and heat is transferred from warm water to cool water
i- when heat is transferred from a bulb to the surrounding air
j- when you cool the radiator of your car using water where water is transferred from the radiator to the water.
5- Radiation: the emission of energy in the form of waves. Examples:
a- the sunlight (ultraviolet radiations of sunlight)
b- x-rays
c- the flame/light of a candle
d- the gamma radiations from the explosion of a star
e- microwaves of a microwave oven
f- the radiations of the mobile phone which are electromagnetic radiations
g- the beam of a laser
h- placing your hand over warm fire
i- emission of alpha particles from decaying uranium
j- the radio waves
Layer c is the oldest and then it’s b and a
The evolution of the jaw contribute to diversification of early vertebrate lineages is It made additional food sources available.
<h3>What is evolution?</h3>
Evolution is the shift in a biological population's heritable traits over successive generations. These traits are the result of genes that are expressed during reproduction and transferred from parent to offspring. Mutation, genetic recombination, and other causes of genetic diversity frequently result in different traits existing within a population. When these variations are subjected to evolutionary processes like natural selection (which includes sexual selection) and genetic drift, specific traits within a population start to become more or less prevalent. This is when evolution happens.
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