It protected English citizens' individual freedoms.
It was made up of 15 Soviet Republics
It would be the Hacienda system. I’m not sure if your talking about Spanish slavery but if you are it’s the Hacienda system because it functioned by keeping the people working on the land in debt in some way or another so that they could not leave.
You can't explain behavior by merely focusing on internal characteristics of a person such as being sadistic and cruel. Such behaviors were not exactly predisposition. They were heavily influenced by external factors like commands from a legitimate power such as Adolf Hitler. The Milgram experiment was actually inspired by the harsh acts of Germans during the WWII. People can actually go to extreme lengths, even if such acts are an attack of one's personal conscience, since they believe the legitimacy of a higher power, consequently making their actions legal or morally right even when it is not.