It did not lead to the Civil War, what led to the civil war was the war of 1812. That was when U.S.A recognized that it needed to become stronger, and slaves were transported to the United States and put in the working class under bad conditions. Child labor and prejudice began there as well.
He was a Federalist, Democratic-Republican, a National Republican, and then later part of the Whig Party.
Hope this helps.