Answer:
In March 1917, demonstrations in Russia culminated in the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II and the appointment of a weak provisional government that shared power with the Petrograd Soviet socialists.
This arrangement led to confusion and chaos both at the front and at home, with the Russian army becoming increasingly ineffective.
Discontent and the weaknesses of the provisional government led to a rise in the popularity of the Bolshevik Party led by Vladimir Lenin, which demanded an immediate end to the war.
The October Revolution, which put the Bolsheviks into power, was followed in December by an armistice and negotiations with Germany.
At first, the Bolsheviks refused the German terms, but when German troops began marching across Ukraine unopposed, the new government acceded to the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk on March 3, 1918.
The treaty ceded vast territories, including Finland, the Baltic provinces, parts of Poland, and Ukraine, to the Central Powers.
The treaty was effectively terminated in November 1918 when Germany surrendered to the Allies.
Explanation:
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