Opression mainly. People wanted to manifest themselves through art and science.
Guilds were associations of people from the same industry: artisans and merchants who controlled their field, that is controlled what and how the services could be. They controlled the tools and the procedure of production and services.
The correct answer is:
controlled how their industry operated
<span>According
to Bernstein, the specific prediction in the "Communist Manifesto"
that failed to materialize is the prediction about the “coming”. This is also
the common prediction of the millennialism that also failed to materialize. This
is an old prediction in which many people believe but it did not happen yet.</span>