The correct answer is - B) convection currents in the mantle.
There's multiple tectonic plates on the surface on the planet, around 17 from what is known so far, but as the scientific methods are developing there might be few more discovered in the years to come.
These plates are all moving, only few cm per year, but on the long term it influences and changes everything on the surface on the Earth.
The movement of the plates is the result of the convection currents in the mantle layer beneath. These convection currents are essentially the combination of the high temperatures, high pressures, and viscous metals, and they managed to break up the crust on the surface, and with its push force, they are slowly moving the plates.
With the movement of the plates and their collisions and moving away, lots of earthquakes and volcanoes are appearing all over the plate boundaries.
Answer:
There are two reasons: at higher altitudes, there is less air pushing down from above, and gravity is weaker farther from Earth's center. So at higher altitudes, air molecules can spread out more, and air density decreases
Answer:
Upwelling is<u> a process in which deep, cold water rises toward the surface</u>. How displaced surface waters are replaced by cold, nutrient-rich water that “wells up” from below. Conditions are optimal for upwelling along the coast when winds blow along the shore. Winds blowing across the ocean surface push water away.
Explanation:
Upwelling is an oceanographic phenomenon that involves wind-driven motion of dense, cooler, and usually nutrient-rich water towards the ocean surface, replacing the warmer, usually nutrient-depleted surface water. The nutrient-rich upwelled water stimulates the growth and reproduction of primary producers such as phytoplankton.
Answer:
Option (2)
Explanation:
The earth is comprised of numerous species, and this diversification of species gradually increases from the polar region to the tropical region of earth. The tropical and equatorial region is comprised of different species as this region receives the maximum amount of energy, nutrients, sunlight and rainfall.
Some of the biologists often believe that the species diversity increases with the latitude. The higher latitudinal region are mostly covered with ice and glaciers. But without the occurrence of ice age in the past, there is still lesser but sufficient amount of energy that is available in the higher latitudinal region that can support different types of biome, comprising a significant number and variety of species.
Thus, the correct answer is option (2).
Answer:
<u>Food chain as given below</u>
Explanation:
- A consumer is a living creature in the food chain that eats other consumers and maintains a balance in the food web. Primary producers are all green plants that prepare their food by their ability to utilize the sun's energy and convert that available raw energy into starch in their body by the process of photosynthesis.
- These Autotrophs take up the organic matter through their roots in the form xylem and phylum and giving oxygen in the air. They form the base of the food chain on which are dependent Herbivorous like sheep, goat, cow, etc.
- The secondary consumers are called the Carnivorous, like the lion, tiger, etc that feed on the bodies of herbivorous. Above this level is that of Omnivorous i.e both plant and animal eaters like the crow, man, and cat.
- As stated by the law of thermodynamics energy can neither be destroyed nor created but transforms itself. The flow of energy at each trophic level gets successively transferred to the next trophic level from primary to secondary tertiary and so on.
- Likewise, toxin concentration in trophic levels increased each level upwards and leads to biomagnification that is harmful to the entire food chain.
