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Humans are a very social species who essentially require interaction between them and other humans. We form societies so that we can divvy up work and get a lot done, while also satisfying the part of us that requires interaction. This is why we've formed languages; so we can communicate with one another and come up with cultures and ideas.
In writing, especially when writing prose of a fictional character, an author uses a series of techniques that seek to engage a reader and interest him/her in not only the event that is taking place, but also the characters within the event and the idea being portrayed by the author. This is a what a story is, its a telling of an event, or series of events with the use of characters, settings and ideas. All stories have a structure, that a writer uses to reach his/her main goal. A climax in a story is the main event or the epitome circumstance after which things begin to become resolved. All stories build themselves up to this climax, this one central moment, through the use of a series of events that lead to the climax, and the name of this series of events is rising action (option B).
A comma splice or comma fault is the use of a comma to join two independent clauses.
For example: It is nearly half past five, we cannot reach town before dark.
The comma splice is sometimes used in literary writing to convey a particular mood of informality.
Another example: The sun is high, put on some sunblock.