By definition the difference between a confederation and a federation is that the membership of the member states in a confederation is voluntary, while the membership in a federation is not. Sometimes confederation is erroneously used in the place of federation. Hope this helps,
Andrew Jackson worried that annexing (aka adding) Texas to the US would divide the nation because Texas would enter the Union as a slave state. During the early to mid 19th century, US presidents were constantly trying to balance the number of free and slave states. Their reasoning behind this is that they did not want any side (aka free states or slave states) gaining too much power in Congress.
During this time, Northern politicians were worried that having a lot of slave states in Congress would result in the slave states making slavery legal in all of the new territories gained by the US during the 19th century. The Southern politicians were worried that if free states controlled Congress, they would try to make a law/amendment to get rid of slavery.
Based on the given passage above as quoted from President Barack Obama, the principle of bureaucracy that the quotation demonstrates is the hierarchical authority. The government is divided into an hierarchy. Those decisions that can easily be done are made in the lower levels. Once it becomes more difficult, this is passed up to the next higher levels. Hope this answer helps.
It <span>laid the foundations for the beginning of a modern global economy</span>