This is indicative of classical conditioning as studied by Pavlov. There is an unconditioned stimuli, in this case, Kendra’s nausea wherein nausea is not often associated with alcohol. The conditioned stimuli here is the smell of liquor which does not normally associate with nausea in other humans. In this case, Kendra’s nausea is now associated with the smell of liquor; yet another possible conditioned stimuli such as the sight of bottle was not associated.<span> </span>
Answer:
grams
Explanation:
Given -
Half life of the silicon-32
years
Half life means the time period required by a radioactive element to reduce its mass by half.
Radioactive decay formula is

Where
A represents the amount of radioactive element after time t years
represents the initial amount of radioactive element
time of decay
half-life of the substance
Substituting the given values in above equation, we get -

grams
Grasses, occasionally shrubs, because a few have evolved to be pioneer species. Yet, without speaking about specifics, the answer is grasses.