Catholic Reformation: a recovered papacy; the reclamation of old religious form and the authorizing of new ones, most greatly the Jesuits; and the reaffirmation of traditional Catholic doctrine at the assembly of Trent. The reclamation of religious orders also tested expensive to the amend of Catholicism. Old rules were recovered and reformed by eradicating corrupt practices. New rules were constructed as well. Jesuits were among the new orders. They settled schools that have a lot of humanist educational methods, converted many non-believers to the faith and fought Protestantism.
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Farmers were facing many problems in the late 1800s. These problems included overproduction, low crop prices, high interest rates, high transportation costs, and growing debt
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C. Chemical weapons.
Explanation:
TL:DR Chemical gas is a war crime due to the amount of suffering it causes. Mustard gas burns the skin, Phosgene is impossible to see, and Chlorine can make you drown in your own body.
Machine guns had been in use and invented since 1908, with invention of weapons such as the Vickers and German Maschinegewehr 08. Trench warfare wasn't a weapon, but more of a tactic. Mines weren't a war crime either as they most likely weren't deemed to cause "unneeded suffering" and their purpose usually was to simply discourage the travel of an area. Usually, if you stepped on a mine you'd die.
Meanwhile, Chemical gas was simply invented on accident as the German Empire's scientist,