The correct matching is as follows:
1. LITERACY: Ability to read and write.
2. LIBERALISM; A political orientation that favors social progress by reform and by changing laws rather than by revolution.
3.PRAGMATISM: A way of thinking that is more concerned with results than with theories.
4. SOCIALISM: Is a system of social organization in which production and distribution of good is owned collectively or by a centralized government.
5. UTILITARIANISM: Socialism theory that emphasizes practical usefulness of things, not their outward beauty.
6. REPUBLICANISM: The political orientation of those who hold that a republic is the best form of government.
Black codes were restrictive laws designed to limit the freedom of African Americans and ensure their availability as a cheap labor force after slavery was abolished during the Civil War. Under black codes, many states required Black people to sign yearly labor contracts; if they refused, they risked being arrested, fined and forced into unpaid labor.
Even as former enslaved people fought to assert their independence and gain economic autonomy during the earliest years of Reconstruction. While the codes granted certain freedoms to African Americans—including the right to buy and own property, marry, make contracts and testify in court (only in cases involving people of their own race)—their primary purpose was to restrict Black peoples’ labor and activity. Black people who broke labor contracts were subject to arrest, beating and forced labor, and apprenticeship laws forced many minors into unpaid labor for white planters.
Engineering may be the sum
