Taxation–they legally require their citizens to hand it to them under the threat of coercion.
Borrowing–they request an amount of money and issue bonds to those who give it to them, promising to repay the money with some amount of interest. These bonds can be held by both citizens and foreigners.
Printing–they print money and put it into the government’s account either directly or indirectly.
It was first proposed in the mid 1850s by doctor Ignaz Semmelweis who believed it would reduce mortality rates. It became a widespread thing around 1900 when everyone started doing it because they realized how important decontamination was.
I’m pretty for sure it’s the first one I hope I got that right I also had this question before
To learn about the foods and the importance of papyrus I’m not sure about the third but maybe the clothes and it is not marriage customs I can say 100% and as well I don’t see a river so I don’t think it’s that either
I think the answer is laid out in the question. When you live in a desert you are going to encounter many "Droughts", which are natural disasters..<span />