Answer:
Explanation:
Failure of credit customers to pay their bills is considered a bad debt in Accounting. This is recored as a bad debt expense in journal entries in the <em>period when the credit sale occurred</em>. This ensures that these bad debt expense matches the revenues earned during that period. In a company's financial statements, bad debt expense is recorded in the Income statement as <em>selling expenses.</em>
Answer:
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Answer:
b. the par value of all capital stock issued.
Explanation:
As per the business format, capital of a company is the value of share capital.
Now, also legal capital means the share capital issued as this reflects the legal share of individual investors in the company.
Authorized capital is the value of maximum capital that can be issued by the company in the form of equity shares.
Issued capital is that part of authorized capital that is actually issued.
And therefore, the par value that is the face value of shares issued, that is equity issued is the legal capital of the company.
Answer:
1. Which of the excluded items represent ongoing costs of running the business and which are one-time "special" costs?
it depends on the company and the actual transactions, e.g. equity based compensation might be a one time special cost because it occurred only once and is doubtful that it happens again. But if the company regularly rewards its top managers with this type of compensation, then it is an ongoing cost. E.g. Tesla awarded a HHHHUUUUUUGGGGGGGEEEEEEE bonus to Elon Musk (worth hundreds of millions) but it was a one time event. While many companies use equity compensation on a regular basis.
Severance and related employee "rebalancing" costs generally take place when a company fires a lot of people because it is cutting down some division or product line. Hopefully, they should never happen, and if they do, it should be only a one time event.
Fees paid to consultants and interest expenses are ongoing costs that will probably occur in the future.
Losses related to the abandonment of excess facility space and a facility fire should be one time events. It would be really bad for them to keep happening (same as severance and rebalancing costs)
