Answer:
The situations that show strong correlation are;
1), 3), 4)
Step-by-step explanation:
To answer the question, we analyze each of the options in turn as follows
1) Since the speed of a car is given by the distance covered per unit time or speed = distance/time then, speed is inversely proportional to time that is an increase in speed will lead to a decrease in time to cover a given distance hence there is a strong correlation implying causation
2) Here, we have that the profit of the company is the difference between the total revenue and the total cost hence;
Profit = Revenue - Cost
As advertising is a cost, increasing the advertising budget, increases the cost and where the revenue remains, constant the profit will decrease
Therefore there is no correlation between increasing the advertising budget and increase in profit
3) When the weather is hot, people get thirsty and will like to cool down their body temperature, hence more people buy ice cream to cool down and quench some thirst hence there is a strong correlation between increase in temperature and an increase in ice cream sales which implies causation
4) For very low income employments, some employees seek excuses to try to make the most of their time hence whereby it is difficult to have another employee stand in for them, some employees may select the recognized excuse of being sick so as to explain absence from work, hence when the salary is increased, they will find more reasons to come to work hence there is a strong correlation between increase in salary and decrease in sick days.
