To begging with, it is important to explain the concept of revolution. A revolution is understood as a turning point in history, it constitutes a transformative and tumultuous event that seeks to transform a society, a region, a nation or even the world. The scientist revolution represents a period in Europe between 1550 and 1700 in which a great change in thinking from traditional to rational, logical though took place. New theories and school of thoughts were introduced by scientist. Scientific revolution led to a change and, according to many historians, it was the beginning of modern science, a turning point in time. A vas variety of developments occurred in a number of fields such as: physics, mathematics, chemistry, biology, astronomy which revolutionized society and human view of life and the world.
Copernicus, an astronomer and mathematician is considered the father of this change as he stated that the cosmos was centered around the sun, rather than the Earth. Later on Galileo agreed with him.
Gallileo Gallilei made further discovery about inertia and new moons and planetary with his telescopes. Thus he fostered experimental physics.
Robert Boyle was considered “Father of Modern Chemistry” as a result of his advanced experiments and use of experimental method. He discovered Boyle’s Gas Law about volumes and pressures and believes in the existence of atoms.
• Isaac Newton discovered calculus and 3 Laws of Physics such as: inertia, force and action and reaction
• Johannes Kepler develop the 3 Laws of Planetary Motion. According to him planets rotate in ellipses, not in perfect circles, around the sun; how fast the planets are moving depends on how far they are from the sun; and he also proved that the orbits of planets can be calculated mathematically.
Examples of art, architecture and literature from the Italian Renaissance.
Literature: Rome and Juliet by Shakespeare; Hamlet by Shakespeare; Doctor faustus by Christopher Marlower; The prince by Nicholas Machiavelli.
Architecture: Gothic style was adopted and can be seen in Florence Baptistery and Pisa Cathedral.
ARTS: David by Michelangelo (sculpture), Gioconda; the virgin of the rocks; by Leonard da Vinci (paint),
Northen Europe Renaissance
Early Netherlandish painting led by Robert Campin and Jan van Eyck in the 1420s and 1430s,offers a detail realism and is today generally considered to be the beginning of the early Northern Renaissance in painting.
The most important artist on North Europe was the French jean Fouquet.
Realism is the characteristic style of northern art during the renaissance where every day life of peasant was depicted in paintings such as The Mérode Altarpiece’ by Robert Camping and ‘Children’s Games´by Pieter Bruegel.
Architecture: The Francis I wing of the Chateau de Blois: its spiral staircase is one of the great artistic achievements of the French Renaissance.
Château de Chambord, northwest façade is an example of Renaissance architecture and is the largest castle of the Loire valley